New Internet Generation - Internet Access Technologies

One of the more complicated lectures of the New Internet Generation course was the lecture of internet access technologies. The lecture of internet access technologies is all about the ADSL connection network via the cable. ADSL is the internet connection where a wire is necessary to use a wire. Different are the GPRS, UMTS and WiMax connections which are wireless.

This lecture was quite confusing for me due the fact that there were many definitions explained. During the lecture graphs were shown were was explained how much  the fixed and mobile network has grown. Stated in the lecture was  “Cisco VNI predict that global mobile data traffic will double every year through 2014, increasing 39 times between 2009 and 2014”.

Further in detail discussed in the lecture by the professor was the access and transport of the internet connection network. Next to the access and the transport a mayor point in the presentation was the connection of the mobile communication network, which is architecture of the mobile network that allows mobility and gives access to many other mobile network connections.

This lecture was one of the more confusing lectures in the course new internet generation. I did some background about this topic before starting my blog and found out that is quite a difficult subject if you are a student not operating in the field of communication engineering.

Methro Ethernet

The information given below contains of of the information given in the lecture about Carrier Ethernet. Carrier-Ethernet is the need for a simple service provided, convergence of business residential and wireless services.  Carrier Ethernet is the usage for telecommunication networks to use this system. The main principles of Carrier Ethernet are: Standardized services, scalability, reliability, quality of service and service management.

Standardized services are services that include E Line, E Lan and E Tree and are defined with Point to point, multipoint and point to multipoint.

Scalability is the easiness of the standardized services that can be used with many users with different application and functions.

Reliability is the rate of how reliable it is. This includes if the connection of one the users network fails the information can come from another.

Quality of service and service management are the principles applied to make the whole overall process work smoothly and efficient.

The professor spoke about many reasons why Carrier Ethernet is important for the internet usage of today. Reasons why these principles are stated as important is the fact that they are used for many governmental institutions like healthcare, financing, media and more.

On the end of the presentation principles like the phases of Ethernet Development were discussed like global connection and architecture of the Ethernet development.

The Architecture of Internet application

The following information is about the architecture of Internet application. This class was in Spanish and I couldn’t understand everything mentioned on the slides. I took background check of the notes I made and search the meanings of the definition of the internet.

The lecture about architecture of internet application was about the connection between the individual internet user and the server. Each server has a computer that is related to an IP address.

The motor behind the internet traffic are the web which contains of 23% of the internet shares, P2P which contains of 23% and video usage which contains 51% of the internet traffic. The biggest motor behind the internet traffic is email.

Further discussed was MIME, which stands for “Multiple Internet Mail Extension”. MIME contains of five things when sending a message. MIME, Content type, content transfer encoding, content id and content description.

More information was given about the web in general, which is originally designed by Tim Berners Lee, became the biggest source of information founded anywhere in the world. The components of the web today are URI, HTML and HTTP.

-          URI contains of the network address of a document or recourse tool

-          HTML contains a description of a hyper document and makes web navigation more easy

-          HTTP contains a generic description protocol

This lecture was very difficult for me. Mostly because I cannot comprehend the Spanish language fully and to make notes from the slides was not that easy.

New Internet Generation - Internet Standardization Bodies

Internet Standardization Bodies

The Information given below contains a summary of lecture five of the course New Internet Generation. The lecture of standardization bodies was all about IETF, which stands for Engineering Task Force and has the objective to improve the internet in every way possible. IETF contains of different segments according to different fields of expertise. Many network designers, researchers, operators and other groups are involved in the Internet Engineering Task Force. The job of all the researches and operators is improve the internet, which is a very difficult task due the fact besides the changes of the internet the IETF is facing changes in societies and more global interaction all over the world. The groups that are part of the IETF are trying to improve internet of the future users by designing technical reports and documents that influence the decision making of the group of designers of the web. Everybody with or without intellectual knowledge about these topics can enter the IETF to help the process go more profitable.

IETF can be divided into different groups for example ISOC which stands for Internet society, IESG, that stands for Internet Engineering Steering Group and many more like IAB, IANA,RFC and IETF trust.

During lecture five all the positive and negative sides of the whole IETF project were explained. In my opinion this section of the future internet development technologies is very important for the future development opportunities of every individual internet user, specially because anyone can enter the Engineering Task force.

Internet of Things

The information given below contains of the information supplied in the class “New Internet Generation”. This part of the blog is about how computers interact with other computers. Computers interact with each other by using different sensors that make this process possible.
Mentioned in the presentation were smart objects. “A smart Object is an item equipped with a form of sensor or actuator, a tiny microprocessor, a communication device and a power source”.

The lecture continued by supplying information in the section about smart objects. An example of the further information included the communication which includes: one to one, one too many and many to one.

Smart objectives cover a wide range of areas; examples of these are smart grids, industrial automation, building automation and many more.
Industrial automation for example is the automation of industrial processes in a computer network and can be applied on process manufacturing.
Home automation is mostly used to control home appliances by smart objects for example lighting control.
There are many more areas that are covered by smart objectives that are very interesting. Examples of these are:

● Smart Cities and Urban Networks
● Structural Health Monitoring
● Container Tracking

This lecture covered for me a quite difficult subject, but it is very interesting to see how computers are able to interact with other computer assisted with several smart objects like industrial automation or building automation.

New Internet Generation - Internet of Things, IPv6 & Roll

The following information given below in my blog is about the lecture of Mr. Sempere about the internet of things. The “internet of things” are an uniquely identifiable objects (Things) and their virtual representations in an Internet-alike structure. On the lecture the main subject was “the benefits of 6LowPan technologies. 6 Low Pan applications are mostly applied on facility management. 6LowPan is a communication protocol which concept originated from the idea that "the Internet Protocol could and should be applied even to the smallest devices”. 6LowPan is Ipv6 over lower power wireless area networks defining by IETF standards.

A typical 6LowPan header stacks with an IP6 header compression. 6LowPan contains of a datagram size,  a datagram tag and a datagram offset. More discussed was the addressing header, which contains of a hop limit, a source address and a destination address.

Next to the 6LowPan, the internet of things contains of a Roll and IPv6. A Roll is a routing over low power networks. The Ipv6, which stands for internet protocol version 6 replaced internet protocol version 4. Ipv6 is the second protocol used.

On the end of the presentation a video was shown about the Emerson smart wireless model. The Emerson smart wireless model showed all the benefits when using the smart wireless systems.

Blogs

New Internet Generation Class 2 Blogs

The information given below will be all about the usage of blogs in the internet of today. The second lecture of the course New Internet Generation was probably the most interesting. The reason why I put a blog about a lecture given weeks ago is the fact that the this blog was cited at another blog, but now re written to post on my blog about the class New Internet Generation at the UPV. This particular lecture is all about blogs. A blog is type of website or part of a website. Blogs are usually maintained by an individual with regular entries of commentary, descriptions of events, or other material such as graphics or video. Blogs are used to broadcast ideas, advices or vision of a certain individual. A blogosphere is a blog network which allows multiple conversations. The basic architecture of a blog contains the usage of the programs of HTML, URL, HTTP and WWW.

By using a network the internet can follow two different networks; random network vs. scale free network. A random network is connection from and too many other different networks. A scale free network is only connected with a single network instead of this broad range of networks.

When using a blog you have to keep in mind that the latest blog you post will be appear on top of the websites. Blogs use a temporal reverse ordering (last first). When starting a blog you have to keep in mind that your audience is chosen carefully. Secondly you need to choose your topic. Thirdly interact with your audience. Finally create links by reading other blogs.

At the end of the lecture there was spoken about aggregators and planets, which allow information about a same theme. The mayor topic on the end of the lecture and in my opinion one of the more interesting topics of the lecture was micro blogging. Micro blogging is an activity which can be applied on certain activities like twitter which is short line blogging with the length of a SMS. Micro blogging has like normal blogging a fan concept with followers.

New Internet Generation - Main problems in today's Internet

New Internet Generation

Subject Main problems in today’s Internet lecture 10

Internet has brought the Internet user many new opportunities. The individual user is able to use the Internet now as tool that makes their lives much easier. However next to all the good thinks Internet has brought to our society has Internet also many problems that give the individual user a lot of frustration. Examples of problems that have occurred during the existence of the Internet are lack of real quality of service without any business model, scalabity and many more. Nowadays the new requirements of architecture of Internet are security, predictability, economically profitability and more.

The research for new opportunities to make the Internet of today more efficient and more save. The areas of research are Network architecture, heterogeneous physical layers, security and economics and policy. Examples of economics and policy are investment costs, regulation and demand for the Internet usage. Expectations are that the demand of Internet will only increase and that there will be many investors, which see business opportunity in the World Wide Web.

LISP is according to the LISP website “a family of computer programming languages with a long history and a distinctive, fully parenthesized syntax.” The limitations of LIPS next to naming and addressing from programming languages, the lost transpency, which include firewalls and NATS. Potential solutions of the LISP limitations are enhancements of current internet architecture and clean slate solutions.

New Internet Generation - Architecture of Internet

New Internet Generation

Subject Architecture of Internet lecture 9

Lecture number 9 was about Architecture of Internet and mainly about the Network organization of the architecture of Internet. IANA activities are Internet assigned numbers authority. The activities of IANA are mainly the functions of domain names, number resources and protocol assignments. Furthermore the registration of regional, national, and local Internet registry can be defined as IANA activities. Domain names always have a country code and generic top-level domain. Large companies governmental institutions and universities are assigned to large “blogs” of addresses.

Further discussed are AS relationships, which include transit, peer and customer. Further discussed by the lecture was the Hierarchical organization that included Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3.

Network architecture is a set of high-level design principles that guides the technical design of the network. Examples of those principles are IP, TCP and BGP. The main difference between TCP and BGP is that by TCP all traffic must be for short distances and BGP a network were today’s network stability depends on.

The main problems of today’s internet are security that prevents the internet from viruses worms spam an other threats on the internet, Fragility and Reliability.

New Internet Generation - LTE Network Interoperability

New Generation Internet

Subject Class 7 LTE Network interoperability

Lecture 7 of the subject new generation Internet was about LTE interoperability. The lecturer explained the difference of WLAN and UMTS interworking. Where UMTS are large macro studies cells with a capacity of up 2-3 mpts and WLAN are the small micro slides higher speed around 54 Mbps low costs. UMTS often is called the third generation mobile communication and is a system where several parties make several deals between the suppliers. UMTS is much faster compared to other suppliers.

Another topic discussed was the Wireless LAN, which has a low price and is expected to have a very low price when it will be used for public access. Later in the in lecture there was more discussed about wireless LAN and mobility management, which can be divided into mobile terminal idle and mobile terminal active.

New Internet Generation - European Action for the development of Internet

New Internet Generation Class 5

Subject European Action for the development of Internet

One of the more interesting subjects of the course New Internet Generation was the lecture about the European Action for the development of Internet. This subject is all about the research and development organizations of the European Union on the field of internet.

The fifth class of the subject New Internet Generation was all about broadband Internet and about the ICT policy, which is a policy for wider adoption of the Internet in general according to the Lisbon strategy, which was applied in 2010. Competition is the reason that European mobile and broadband market grows fast. Nowadays there is a lot of support for future networks and policy drivers by governmental institutions. The reason is that governmental institutions support future networks to develop is that governments use future networks for education, health-care, care for the elderly and usage of energy effectively.

The development of future Internet aspects is increasing dependence of society, limitations of current Internet architecture, new applications and services/technologies and the industry technology, which gives many new opportunities for Europe to develop.

Internet is very big today, but still there are many new ways the development of the Internet is able to realize. Examples like the physical entity, routers switchers, social media and many more.

The FP7 Research programme which goal is to create the network of the future plus to create converted infrastructure. I think the EU development program will have many opportunities in these fields and with their research programs they will be able to develop new opportunities

One of the more interesting lectures of the course New Internet Generation

New Internet Generation - Impact of Internet in the modern society

New Internet Generation Class 4

The fourth class of New Internet generation was all about the impact of Internet in the modern society. To apply the information given the lecturer was using several business models like Business-to-Business, administration to Consumer etc.

The business models used when applying Internet in the business life are applied according to the following principles. The most famous business models are Business to Business often defined as B2B. Business to business means that Internet usage can be applied by one business to inform another business.

Nowadays TV is interactive compared to computers or computer appliances. The main reason for this change in media usage is because of the existence of Internet. In 2011 the main source of entertainment for the new generation is made by mass media. The entertainment value of the TV was mainly because of the fact that there is always Television. Nowadays Internet goes even further. Internet is never boring. There is always entertainment, think of online newspapers, television, music, video sharing, social networking, Wikipedia, micro blogging and not only available on pc, but also on mobile phones, Ipads, podcasts etc.

Internet replaced many old tools for finding information. Many Internet users have a big part of their social network in websites like face book, LinkedIn and Twitter. Next to these social networks there are many forums, which can be found on the Internet where news items are discussed and where people can form their own personal opinion by information they can find themselves. Investigators expect more usage of the Internet in the near future by the further development of mp3 players IPods cell phones and other small tools which supply multimedia broadcasting.

New Internet Generation - Wikipedia

New Generation Internet Class 3

In the third lecture of the subject New Generation Internet the lecturer supplied information about Wikipedia. The students of today are mostly already familiar with the source Wikipedia. In most cases Wikipedia is used for checking facts and finding information about study or work related topics. The new generation of young professionals, people, who are about to graduate University in the next 2 years, usually check Wikipedia as background source, which supplies them a broad view about the information they are looking for.

Wiki started in 1995 and after GNUpedia, and Nupedia, Wikipedia was launched on the Internet in 2001, a website which has 16 million articles today. Nowadays, there are different types of Wiki sources. The most famous and popular type is Wikipedia, but there are many other wiki sources like Wikimedia.com and wikitravel.com. The benefits of Wikipedia are inviting all users to create a page and promote meaningful information. Nowadays, Wikipedia is the 8^th most popular website worldwide and can be seen as the biggest collection of human knowledge. Wikipedia has a neutral point of view, has a free content and there are no firm rules that rule the Wikipedia program. Wikipedia is not a discussion forum, paper encyclopaedia or democracy experiment.

The key to success of Wikipedia is mainly because it is easy to edit, there are more constructors compared to destructors, Wikipedia is an organized community and if you as an editor wants to enter you need to agree on the basic principles given by the website community.

Wikipedia is ruled by the Wikipedia foundation and collaborates with a global network of other wikipedias in countries worldwide. There are different roles inside the Wikipedia network, think about registered user, check user, administrator etc.

The main advice of lecture 3 was that as a user you need to be careful if the articles you read are correct. If you are a user always check the sources of the article, watch history of changes and read the references.